Incandescing element.



D. J. MONOSMITH. INGANDESCING ELEMENT. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 29, 1011.

Patented June 25, 1912.

o. a2; wheat srarns BEST AVAILABLE COPY min 3'. nonosmiirgcr En gm tioni1 Myinvention relates to incandescing elements admitting of general use,and more particularly to the form of incandescing element especiallysuitable-for use in connection with burners of the srycalled fcalciuinlight type.

with the plates.

My invention further comprenends an in-' candescing element made up ofplates and in which the element after being subjected ts'heat tor thepurpose of burning out all combustible matter and driving ofi allvolatile gases or apors is shrunken by the application of intense heat.

My invention further comprehends; a 0115 improvements in incande'scizngelen .'t o increas & al-efiiciency and durability of the latte theaccompany the pin:pose's-=,of. which are generterence 1s Specificatioir'ofifietteksIntent. Application filed se tem sneief is n' sriar,as1',94s.- i

g iislnext'suhjeetedto pres'sur Ilannn and:alsov ,the scorei 'flines I?ee-elite vltled n o'rder t6 weaxen th'ei'nin;

ement;."F gi i ucture shown 1'n bbon orlamina' L W 'tically a porous fraueworkhavmgrgeneraliljg which; in this instance, s-=beit12lfoffl1ed inwMonosn'rrn; a citizen of saunas fiStatesg-and a resident of Spencer, inthe "co untj'of Medina and State of Ohio, have inif'ented a new andImproved Inc'andescing-Element, of which the following is a full,;clear,and exact descrip y ameee i me inent fiifl l mwiiliplt i n h ess s ll?element hown-in F as-partiallx for 8 isfisectioironthe line 8'-8 o i andFig. 9-is a perspectiveshowing' vbut in practice I prefer to use afabrlc of fibrous material which may" have the form fabric is preferablypermeated with a solut-io-riof'nitrate of thorium and nitrate of cerium.-Ihefsolution is dried outyafter which the flamina or ribbon is. cutinto ened by score lines12 which parallel with each otheij'and-fwl linesmay be cuts extending a-little di'stance into the' -plates ll, or-imaybeperforations figur e, the score lines '12 f a allel-with eachbthef; p 1

, other way.- inlwhichzi -ribbon or-i =lainiii'a} :ina

-bejiormed soas to be built up into-the incm like, member or lamina, 1(l

suitable fabric' and any appropriate solution of die kind mentioned maybe employed,

smaller plates 11, and the :latte "are'weak-t efdisposed cent edges ofthe xplates-i 11; These -score extendingentirely throngh'said plates? Tle 'manncr of making'thescoreillnes is df amid out and all of cloth orwadding, as desired, and this w.) aiavayav .isaa

COPY

- the form of a solid block; but consisting of indicated in Fig. 3. andisburned. as above described, the block is hardened and shrunken. as faras. possible, by the application of intense heat such as is applied by averyhotflame. I find from experience 3 that the quality of the finishedarticle is greatly improved if the hardening and shrinking be quitethorough. After the hardening and shrinking of the block is finished.one face of the block is rounded slightly, as indicated at 13 in Figs. aand In brder to use the incandescing element thusdescribed, it isclamped in a holder so that the rotund face 13 is exposed and the flame.or its equivalent. is directed againstthe rot-und face. I find that therotundity of theface tends to protect the incandescing elementagainstaccidental injury and, more over, that the'incandescin g surface thusproduced has a suitable form for shedding the light. If, for any reason,either sudden or gradu'al'variation in the relative temperature ofdifferent parts of the incandescing element, or because of the elementbeing accidentally subjected to nicchai cal st there. is atcndency forthe element.- to rip cracir or otherwise break, the injury tea to takeplace always in a certain direction which. according to Figs. 4 anditfltitl'tl tie right and left; that is to the crack, if one isproduced, will generally be. between two adjacent plates 11 or along ascore line 12. A fractureis not nearly so objectionable in anincandescingele-ment, and particularly in the one here underconsideration, if said fracture extends in. the gen eral directionindicated, which is substantially at right angles to the incandescingsurface to'which the flame is applied.

In Fig. 6 the ribbon-like member 14 of impregnated fabric is formed intoa roll 15, the finished article-being shown at 15 in Figs. 7 and 8. Inthis case the incandescing. element is provided with a-rotund face 16against which the flame is applied and which becomes incandescent inorder to shed light.

In Fig. 9 the ribbon-like member 17 of impregnated fabric is bentbackandforth upon itself so as to form foidslS. the latter thus formingseams 19, the rest of the proce s being substantially as abovedescribed. 5118 completed st ucture form d in accord' ance with Fig. 9is provided with a rotund face substantially as above-described withreference to the other figures.

If the structure shown in Figs. 7 and 8, or that indicated in Fig. 9, besubjected to either a molecular or mechanical strain which tends tobreak itor its constituent parts. the line of fracture tends to besubstantially parallel with certain adjacent edges of the material.and'the incandescing element so arranged that the fracture extends asnearly as practicable directly away from the surface to which the flameis applied forthe purpose of producing incandcscence. V y

The incaudescing element above described avoids ouite a number ofobjections heretofore urged against incandescing elements of the typesuitable for calcium gas-lightburners. Among the various objections tosuch incandescing elements are, first. the relapowers of most refractorysubstances; second. the fragility of the oxids of the rare earths usedfor incandescing, the fragility of such oxids being very great when theoxids are subjected to the action of intense heat or even mechanical jaror stress; and third, the necessity for using pure or nearly pureoxygenvin the burner. I have made the discovery that an incandescingelement made as above described effectively avoids all oftheseobjections, and may be used for a relatively long time undercomparatively severe conditions.

'Brsr AVAILABLE COPY tively small incandescent or lightgiving I do notlimit myself to the use of any cular material to be employed in my edincandescing element, except as ted or as defined in my claims.

thus described my invention, what 1 im as new and desire to secure byLetters Fatent is 1. Anincandescing element made up of a plurality ofseparate plate-like members. of incandescing material, the said membersbeing disposed in the form of a pile and pressed together.

2. An incandescing element comprising aplurality of plate-like members,each Weakened along a predetermined line. said members being disposedparallel with and in contact with each other and arranged in the form ofa pile;

3. An incandescing element, consisting of incandescing material arrangedin fiat la vers one on top of the other to form-a pile,- the said layersbeing parallel with each other, the edges of said layers at one end ofthe element being shaped to form a rounded face at said end for exposureto' a flame.

' 4. An incandescing member built up in layers ofimaterial arranged incontact with each other in the form of a pile and pressed together, theedges of the layers at one end of the member being arranged for exposurewit-beach other and extending in a direction approximately at rightangles .to the end to which the flame is applied.

5'. An incandescing element, comprising in'candescing material arrangedin fiat lay eis, the layers being disposed parallel: with and in Contactwith each other and pressed' together, so that under action tending tobreak the element 'the breakage 'Willoccurbetween the layers, the.element having a face for exposure-t0 'a flameand the layers extend ng"in a direction substantially at right angles to-theface to which theflame is applied. e

' 6. Anfinc'andescing element built up of ,platelike membersarranged inthe form of a; block, saidmembersbeing weakened along BEST AVAILABLECOPY lines parallel With'eac-h other, one end of the incandescingelement being. roimdedfor exposure to a flame. v

7. An inca-ndescing element having a plurality of layers of incandescingmaterial arranged one on top of the other and pressed together to form apile,, one end of the element beingarranged for expdsure to a flame, thesaid layers' being eachweak'ened at intervals along lines extendingparallel with each other-.- p

'- In testimony whereof I have signed 'my name to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

DAVID J. MONOSMITH;

WVitnesses:

J. EDWIN OURTlZCE,' MILAN I.

